Metabolic Disturbances and Pneumonia Outcomes
Author Information
Author(s): Făgărășan Iulia, Rusu Adriana, Comșa Horațiu, Cristea Maria, Motoc Nicoleta-Ștefania, Cristea Ciprian, Budin Corina Eugenia, Râjnoveanu Ruxandra-Mioara, Todea Doina Adina
Primary Institution: Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy
Hypothesis
This study aimed to assess the disturbances of glucose and lipid metabolism with in-hospital complications and short-term outcomes for patients with pneumonia with different etiologies.
Conclusion
Patients with bacterial CAP are more prone to developing acute kidney injury due to increased fasting plasma glucose at admission and glycemic variations during hospitalization, while elevated fasting plasma glucose values at admission are associated with mortality in both COVID-19 and bacterial CAP.
Supporting Evidence
- Fasting plasma glucose levels between 110 and 126 mg/dL are associated with mortality in both COVID-19 and bacterial pneumonia.
- Patients with COVID-19 pneumonia had higher fasting plasma glucose and triglyceride levels compared to other pneumonia groups.
- Acute kidney injury was linked to glycemic variation during hospitalization in bacterial pneumonia patients.
- Mortality rates were similar in COVID-19 and bacterial pneumonia groups but significantly higher than in viral pneumonia.
Takeaway
This study found that high blood sugar levels when patients are admitted to the hospital can lead to more serious problems and even death in people with pneumonia.
Methodology
This observational study included 398 patients with pneumonia, divided into groups based on the type of pneumonia (COVID-19, viral, bacterial), and assessed their metabolic disturbances and outcomes.
Potential Biases
Potential biases include the retrospective nature of the study and the lack of pre-admission measurements for inflammatory biomarkers and glycemic values.
Limitations
The study is limited by its single-center design and retrospective nature, which may affect the generalizability of the findings.
Participant Demographics
The study included 398 patients, with 155 having COVID-19 pneumonia, 129 with viral pneumonia, and 114 with bacterial pneumonia, with varying ages and comorbidities.
Statistical Information
P-Value
0.015 for COVID-19 mortality and 0.039 for bacterial CAP mortality associated with fasting plasma glucose levels.
Confidence Interval
95% CI: 1.275–9.398 for COVID-19 mortality and 95% CI: 0.069–0.935 for bacterial CAP mortality.
Statistical Significance
p<0.05
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
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