Perforin Induces Phospholipid Flip-Flop
Author Information
Author(s): Metkar Sunil S., Wang Baikun, Catalan Elena, Anderluh Gregor, Gilbert Robert J. C., Pardo Julian, Froelich Christopher J.
Primary Institution: NorthShore University HealthSystems Research Institute
Hypothesis
How does perforin remodel the target cell plasma membrane for granzyme passage?
Conclusion
Perforin induces rapid phospholipid flip-flop in target cells, which correlates with susceptibility to granzyme B-induced apoptosis.
Supporting Evidence
- Perforin induces phosphatidylserine externalization in target cells.
- PS flip-flop is not caused by calcium influx.
- PS externalization correlates with susceptibility to granzyme B-induced apoptosis.
- Cholesterol depletion enhances perforin-induced PS flip-flop.
- Perforin forms structures in the membrane that facilitate granzyme delivery.
Takeaway
Perforin helps immune cells deliver a 'death signal' to infected or cancerous cells by changing the way the cell's outer layer is structured.
Methodology
The study used cytotoxicity assays, flow cytometry, and various staining techniques to analyze the effects of perforin on target cells.
Limitations
The study did not identify the exact mechanisms of granzyme delivery across the membrane.
Statistical Information
P-Value
0.0047
Statistical Significance
p<0.05
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
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