Systematic Review of Abstinence-Plus HIV Prevention Programs in High-Income Countries
2007

Effectiveness of Abstinence-Plus HIV Prevention Programs

Sample size: 37724 publication Evidence: moderate

Author Information

Author(s): Underhill Kristen, Operario Don, Montgomery Paul

Primary Institution: Centre for Evidence-Based Intervention, University of Oxford

Hypothesis

Do Abstinence-Plus Interventions Reduce Sexual Risk Behavior among Youth?

Conclusion

Many abstinence-plus programs appear to reduce short-term and long-term HIV risk behavior among youth in high-income countries without causing harm.

Supporting Evidence

  • 23 out of 39 trials found a protective program effect on at least one sexual behavior.
  • No trial found adverse program effects on any behavioral outcome.
  • Findings consistently favored abstinence-plus programs over controls for HIV knowledge outcomes.

Takeaway

Programs that teach kids to wait to have sex and also how to use condoms can help keep them safe from HIV without making them more likely to have sex.

Methodology

Cochrane Collaboration systematic review methods were used, including randomized and quasi-randomized controlled trials.

Potential Biases

Potential attrition bias due to dropout rates exceeding 33% in some trials.

Limitations

Generalizability may be limited to North American adolescents; self-reported data may introduce bias.

Participant Demographics

Participants were primarily North American youth, with many from minority and lower socioeconomic backgrounds.

Statistical Information

P-Value

p<0.05

Statistical Significance

p<0.05

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

10.1371/journal.pmed.0040275

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