Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2, Genital Ulcers and HIV-1 Disease Progression in Postpartum Women
2011

Impact of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 on HIV-1 Progression in Pregnant Women

Sample size: 296 publication 10 minutes Evidence: moderate

Author Information

Author(s): Roxby Alison C., Drake Alison L., John-Stewart Grace, Brown Elizabeth R., Matemo Daniel, Otieno Phelgona A., Farquhar Carey

Primary Institution: University of Washington

Hypothesis

What is the effect of HSV-2 serostatus and genital ulcer disease on HIV-1 disease progression in HIV-1 infected pregnant women?

Conclusion

Pregnant women with genital ulcer disease were significantly more likely to experience opportunistic infections than those without, indicating that symptomatic HSV-2 is a key predictor of HIV-1 disease progression.

Supporting Evidence

  • 86% of the women in the study were HSV-2-seropositive.
  • Women with genital ulcer disease were significantly more likely to have opportunistic infections.
  • Median baseline CD4 count was 422 cells/µl.
  • Only 10% of women had prior or current genital ulcer disease.

Takeaway

Women who have both HIV and herpes can get sicker if they have genital sores. This study shows that treating herpes might help them stay healthier.

Methodology

The study followed HIV-1 infected pregnant women for 12-24 months postpartum, measuring HIV-1 RNA and CD4 counts, and assessing the impact of HSV-2 serostatus and genital ulcer disease on disease progression.

Potential Biases

Possible misclassification of HSV-2-seronegative women who may have seroconverted during follow-up.

Limitations

The study had limited power to detect associations due to the low number of HSV-2-seronegative women and challenges in identifying genital ulcer disease.

Participant Demographics

Median age of participants was 25 years, with 95% being married or partnered.

Statistical Information

P-Value

0.07

Confidence Interval

95% CI: 1.33–5.85

Statistical Significance

p<0.05

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

10.1371/journal.pone.0019947

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