Analyzing Solvent Effects in p-Nitrophenyl Chloroformate Reactions
Author Information
Author(s): D’Souza Malcolm J., Shuman Kevin E., Carter Shannon E., Kevill Dennis N.
Primary Institution: Wesley College
Hypothesis
The study aims to gauge solvent effects in the solvolysis of p-nitrophenyl chloroformate using the extended Grunwald-Winstein equation.
Conclusion
The extended Grunwald-Winstein equation effectively gauges solvent effects in solvolysis reactions, showing that the addition step is rate-determining.
Supporting Evidence
- The study analyzed specific rates of solvolysis for p-nitrophenyl chloroformate in 39 different solvents.
- Results showed that the nitro group enhances nucleophilic attack on the carbonyl carbon.
- Multiple regression analysis improved the correlation coefficient significantly when including new solvent data.
Takeaway
This study looks at how different liquids affect a chemical reaction involving p-nitrophenyl chloroformate, helping us understand how these reactions work better.
Methodology
The study used specific rates of solvolysis measured in various solvents at 25 °C and applied multiple regression analysis to the data.
Potential Biases
There may be biases in the selection of solvents and the interpretation of the correlation coefficients.
Limitations
The results must be interpreted with caution due to the complexity of solvent interactions and the potential for strong covariances.
Statistical Information
P-Value
p<0.05
Confidence Interval
1.68±0.06 and 0.46±0.04
Statistical Significance
p<0.05
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
Want to read the original?
Access the complete publication on the publisher's website