Opposing Effects of Sirtuins on Neuronal Survival: SIRT1-Mediated Neuroprotection Is Independent of Its Deacetylase Activity
2008

Opposing Effects of Sirtuins on Neuronal Survival

publication Evidence: moderate

Author Information

Author(s): Jason A. Pfister, Chi Ma, Brad E. Morrison, Santosh R. D'Mello

Primary Institution: Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Texas at Dallas

Hypothesis

What roles do different sirtuin proteins play in the regulation of neuronal survival?

Conclusion

SIRT1 protects neurons from apoptosis through a novel, non-catalytic mechanism, while SIRT2, SIRT3, and SIRT6 promote neuronal death.

Supporting Evidence

  • SIRT1 protects neurons from low potassium-induced apoptosis.
  • SIRT2, SIRT3, and SIRT6 promote apoptosis in otherwise healthy neurons.
  • SIRT5 can be protective or apoptotic depending on its localization within the cell.
  • Neuroprotection by SIRT1 is independent of its deacetylase activity.

Takeaway

Some proteins called sirtuins can help keep brain cells alive, while others can make them die. One specific sirtuin, SIRT1, can protect brain cells even without doing its usual job.

Methodology

The study examined the effects of expressing each of the seven SIRT proteins in cerebellar granule neurons and HT-22 neuroblastoma cells under different conditions.

Potential Biases

Potential bias due to reliance on overexpression models rather than endogenous expression.

Limitations

The study relies solely on ectopically-expressed proteins, which may not reflect physiological relevance.

Participant Demographics

Cerebellar granule neurons from 7-8 day old Wistar rats and HT-22 neuroblastoma cells.

Statistical Information

P-Value

p<0.05

Statistical Significance

p<0.05

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

10.1371/journal.pone.0004090

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