Estimating the Threshold Surface Density of Gp120-CCR5 Complexes Necessary for HIV-1 Envelope-Mediated Cell-Cell Fusion
2011

Estimating the Threshold Surface Density of Gp120-CCR5 Complexes Necessary for HIV-1 Entry

publication Evidence: moderate

Author Information

Author(s): Mulampaka Shiva Naresh, Dixit Narendra M.

Primary Institution: Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India

Hypothesis

The threshold surface density of gp120-CCR5 complexes necessary for HIV-1 entry remains poorly estimated.

Conclusion

The study estimates the threshold surface density of gp120-CCR5 complexes necessary for HIV-1 entry to be approximately 20 µm−2.

Supporting Evidence

  • Reduced expression of CCR5 on target CD4+ cells lowers their susceptibility to infection by R5-tropic HIV-1.
  • Binding of the HIV-1 envelope protein gp120 with CCR5 is essential for the entry of R5 viruses into target cells.
  • The threshold surface density of gp120-CCR5 complexes necessary for HIV-1 entry is estimated to be approximately 20 µm−2.
  • Model predictions captured data from independent cell-cell fusion assays in the presence of CCR5 antagonists.

Takeaway

This study helps us understand how many HIV proteins need to attach to a cell for the virus to enter and cause infection.

Methodology

A mathematical model was constructed to analyze data from cell-cell fusion assays, predicting the influence of CCR5 expression on susceptibility to HIV-1 entry.

Limitations

The model approximations may not apply to viral entry in vivo, and the spatial distribution of CCR5 on target cells remains unclear.

Statistical Information

Confidence Interval

95% confidence intervals were provided for parameter estimates.

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

10.1371/journal.pone.0019941

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