The role of El Niño southern oscillation (ENSO) on variations of monthly Plasmodium falciparum malaria cases at the cayenne general hospital, 1996-2009, French Guiana
2011

Impact of El Niño on Malaria Cases in French Guiana

publication Evidence: moderate

Author Information

Author(s): Hanf Matthieu, Adenis Antoine, Nacher Mathieu, Carme Bernard

Primary Institution: Centre d'Investigation Clinique Epidémiologie Clinique Antilles Guyane

Hypothesis

Does the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) influence the number of malaria cases in French Guiana?

Conclusion

The study found a statistical link between El Niño and malaria cases, but its predictive value for prevention interventions is marginal.

Supporting Evidence

  • The study identified a three-month lag between ENSO perturbation and malaria cases.
  • El Niño events are associated with increased malaria risk in regions linked to the ENSO cycle.
  • ENSO explained 4% of the variation in malaria case numbers in the studied region.

Takeaway

When El Niño happens, malaria cases can go up a little bit in French Guiana, but it's not a strong enough reason to change how we prevent malaria.

Methodology

A time series analysis using ARIMA was conducted to assess the relationship between monthly malaria cases and the Southern Oscillation Index (SOI) from 1996 to 2009.

Limitations

The study used aggregated data from a diverse region and did not include P. vivax cases due to difficulties in differentiating relapses from re-infections.

Participant Demographics

The study focused on malaria cases at the Cayenne General Hospital in French Guiana.

Statistical Information

P-Value

<0.001

Statistical Significance

p<0.001

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

10.1186/1475-2875-10-100

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