Evolution of the Costimulatory Molecule B7-H3
Author Information
Author(s): Sun Jing, Fu Fengqing, Gu Wenchao, Yan Ruhong, Zhang Guangbo, Shen Zhiyong, Zhou Yinghui, Wang Han, Shen Bairong, Zhang Xueguang
Primary Institution: Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
Hypothesis
The study investigates the evolutionary role of exon duplication in the immune system's costimulatory molecule B7-H3.
Conclusion
The study found that exon duplication in B7-H3 led to the emergence of a new isoform, 4IgB7-H3, which has distinct functions in immune responses compared to 2IgB7-H3.
Supporting Evidence
- B7-H3 has different isoforms in humans and mice, with humans having two isoforms due to exon duplication.
- 4IgB7-H3 isoform is present in several mammalian species and has distinct immune functions.
- 2IgB7-H3 enhances T cell proliferation and cytokine production, while 4IgB7-H3 inhibits these processes.
Takeaway
Scientists studied a protein called B7-H3 that helps our immune system. They found that different versions of this protein evolved in animals, and they do different jobs.
Methodology
The study involved genomic surveys, sequence analysis, 3D structure modeling, and various in vitro assays to analyze the functions of B7-H3 isoforms.
Potential Biases
Potential bias in the interpretation of results due to the reliance on specific experimental models.
Limitations
The study primarily focused on a limited number of species and may not represent all vertebrates.
Participant Demographics
The study included various vertebrate species, including teleost fishes and mammals.
Statistical Information
P-Value
p<0.05
Statistical Significance
p<0.05
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
Want to read the original?
Access the complete publication on the publisher's website