Adherence to antiretroviral therapy and its associated factors among children living with HIV in Eastern and Southern Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis
2025

Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy in Children with HIV in Eastern and Southern Africa

Sample size: 7414 publication 10 minutes Evidence: high

Author Information

Author(s): Alemu Gebrie Getu, Yirsaw Bantie Getnet, Tesfie Tigabu Kidie, Yismaw Getaneh Awoke, Abuhay Habtamu Wagnew, Alemayehu Meron Asmamaw, Agimas Muluken Chanie, Derseh Nebiyu Mekonnen

Primary Institution: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia

Hypothesis

What is the pooled prevalence of adherence to antiretroviral therapy and its associated factors among children living with HIV in Eastern and Southern Africa?

Conclusion

The pooled prevalence of adherence to antiretroviral therapy among children living with HIV is low, highlighting the need for improved support systems.

Supporting Evidence

  • The pooled prevalence of adherence to antiretroviral therapy was found to be 76.2%.
  • Factors such as being a biological caregiver and receiving first-line antiretroviral treatment were associated with higher adherence.
  • Significant heterogeneity was observed among the included studies.

Takeaway

Many kids with HIV in Eastern and Southern Africa have trouble sticking to their medicine, which is really important for their health.

Methodology

A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted, analyzing data from 29 studies using a random-effects model.

Potential Biases

The study may be subject to bias due to reliance on caregiver self-reports for adherence.

Limitations

Variations in definitions of adherence and potential publication bias may affect the results.

Participant Demographics

Children living with HIV in Eastern and Southern Africa, with studies conducted in various countries including Ethiopia, Kenya, and South Africa.

Statistical Information

P-Value

<0.001

Confidence Interval

95% CI: 71.4, 81.1

Statistical Significance

p<0.05

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

10.1371/journal.pone.0312529

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