Elevated Lead in Drinking Water in Washington, DC, 2003–2004: The Public Health Response
2007

Lead in Drinking Water in Washington, DC: Public Health Response

Sample size: 6834 publication 10 minutes Evidence: moderate

Author Information

Author(s): Tee L. Guidotti, Thomas Calhoun, John O. Davies-Cole, Maurice E. Knuckles, Lynette Stokes, Chevelle Glymph, Garret Lum, Marina S. Moses, David F. Goldsmith, Lisa Ragain

Primary Institution: George Washington University Medical Center

Hypothesis

What are the public health implications of elevated lead levels in drinking water in Washington, DC?

Conclusion

The screening program revealed ongoing lead exposure issues in homes, primarily from lead paint rather than drinking water.

Supporting Evidence

  • 65 children tested had blood lead levels above the CDC's level of concern.
  • 70.8% of children with elevated blood lead levels lived in homes without lead service lines.
  • None of the pregnant women tested showed elevated blood lead levels.
  • Children living in homes with lead service lines had higher blood lead levels compared to those without.

Takeaway

This study looked at how lead in drinking water affected kids in Washington, DC, and found that most lead exposure came from paint in homes, not the water.

Methodology

Blood lead levels were tested in 6,834 residents, focusing on children under 6, pregnant women, and nursing mothers.

Potential Biases

Potential selection bias as higher-risk families may have been more motivated to participate in screening.

Limitations

The study cannot directly correlate lead in drinking water with blood lead levels due to confounding factors and the nature of the exposure assessment.

Participant Demographics

Participants included 2,342 children under 6 years, 96 pregnant women, and 78 nursing mothers.

Statistical Information

Confidence Interval

95% CI, 3.06–3.50

Statistical Significance

p<0.05

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

10.1289/ehp.8722

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