Impact of HIV Infection and Kaposi Sarcoma on HHV-8 Replication in Uganda
Author Information
Author(s): Johnston Christine, Orem Jackson, Okuku Fred, Kalinaki Mary, Saracino Misty, Katongole-Mbidde Edward, Sande Merle, Ronald Allan, McAdam Keith, Huang Meei-Li, Drolette Linda, Selke Stacy, Wald Anna, Corey Lawrence, Casper Corey
Primary Institution: University of Washington
Hypothesis
What role do the site, persistence, and quantity of HHV-8 replication play in the progression to Kaposi sarcoma?
Conclusion
HHV-8 detection is frequent in the oropharynx and peripheral blood of Ugandans with endemic and epidemic Kaposi sarcoma, with increased viremia in men and those with HIV.
Supporting Evidence
- HHV-8 was detected more frequently in the oropharynx and peripheral blood of persons with KS compared to those without.
- Oral HHV-8 detection predicted subsequent HHV-8 viremia.
- HHV-8 viremia was significantly more common in men and those with HIV.
Takeaway
This study shows that a virus related to Kaposi sarcoma is often found in the mouths and blood of people in Uganda, especially those with HIV or Kaposi sarcoma.
Methodology
Participants collected oral swabs daily and clinicians collected oral, anogenital swabs, and plasma samples weekly over 4 weeks; HHV-8 DNA was quantified by PCR.
Potential Biases
Potential bias due to the exclusion of participants with lower CD4+ counts and those on antiviral medications.
Limitations
The study had a short follow-up period and included only participants with CD4+ T-cell counts greater than 200/mm3.
Participant Demographics
Median age was 32 (range 18–60); 50% of participants without KS were women.
Statistical Information
P-Value
p<0.001
Confidence Interval
95% CI 1.7–6.2
Statistical Significance
p<0.001
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
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