Higher Rates of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders in Central Italy
Author Information
Author(s): May Philip A., Fiorentino Daniela, Coriale Giovanna, Kalberg Wendy O., Hoyme H. Eugene, Aragón Alfredo S., Buckley David, Stellavato Chandra, Gossage J. Phillip, Robinson Luther K., Jones Kenneth Lyons, Manning Melanie, Ceccanti Mauro
Primary Institution: Center on Alcoholism, Substance Abuse, and Addictions (CASAA), The University of New Mexico
Hypothesis
What is the population-based prevalence of fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) and other fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) in central Italy?
Conclusion
The study found that the rates of fetal alcohol syndrome and fetal alcohol spectrum disorders in central Italy are significantly higher than previously estimated.
Supporting Evidence
- Rates of FAS were estimated between 4.0 to 12.0 per 1,000 children.
- Partial FAS ranged from 18.1 to 46.3 per 1,000.
- An FASD was found in 2.3% to 6.3% of the children.
Takeaway
This study shows that many kids in central Italy have problems because their moms drank alcohol during pregnancy, and the numbers are higher than we thought.
Methodology
Children in randomly-selected schools were screened for growth metrics and referred for further testing if they fell below certain thresholds or were identified by teachers as having learning or behavioral issues.
Potential Biases
Potential underreporting of maternal alcohol use due to social stigma and the reliance on teacher referrals may have biased the sample.
Limitations
The study had a low participation rate of 49% and relied on self-reported maternal alcohol consumption, which may be underreported.
Participant Demographics
The study included first grade children from two health districts in the Lazio region, representing a mix of suburban and rural communities.
Statistical Information
P-Value
p<0.05
Confidence Interval
6.5 to 10.1 per 1,000 for FAS, 32.7 to 40.6 per 1,000 for PFAS, and 33.4 to 62.6 per 1,000 for total FASD.
Statistical Significance
p<0.05
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
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