Oral contraceptives and malignant melanoma
1991

Oral Contraceptives and Malignant Melanoma

Sample size: 46000 publication Evidence: moderate

Author Information

Author(s): P.C. Hannaford, L. Villard-Mackintosh, M.P. Vessey, C.R. Kay

Primary Institution: Royal College of General Practitioners

Hypothesis

Does prolonged use of oral contraceptives increase the risk of malignant melanoma in women?

Conclusion

The results suggest that oral contraceptive use is probably not associated with an increased risk of malignant melanoma.

Supporting Evidence

  • 31 cases of malignant melanoma were reported among ever-users of oral contraceptives.
  • 27 cases were reported among never-users.
  • The risk ratio for ever-users compared to never-users was 0.92.
  • Women who used the pill for at least 10 years had an elevated risk ratio of 1.77.
  • Results from both studies suggest no significant trend of increasing risk with duration of use.

Takeaway

The study looked at whether using birth control pills for a long time makes women more likely to get a type of skin cancer called melanoma, and it found that it probably doesn't.

Methodology

Two large prospective cohort studies were conducted, one by the Royal College of General Practitioners and another by the Oxford/Family Planning Association, involving thousands of women and tracking their contraceptive use and melanoma cases.

Potential Biases

The RCGP Study had a greater loss of follow-up, which could introduce bias, although the characteristics of lost participants were similar across groups.

Limitations

The studies had a loss of follow-up and may not have captured all melanoma cases due to incomplete cancer registration.

Participant Demographics

Women aged 25 to 39, primarily white and married.

Statistical Information

Confidence Interval

0.55-1.54

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