The Effects of North American Ginseng on Immune Function
Author Information
Author(s): Azike Chike Godwin, Charpentier Paul Abrahams, Hou Jirui, Pei Hua, King Lui Edmund Man
Primary Institution: University of Western Ontario
Hypothesis
The study aims to determine whether the immuno-modulatory effects of North American ginseng are related to its unique phytochemical profiles.
Conclusion
The ALC extract of North American ginseng was immuno-inhibitory, while the AQ extract was immuno-stimulatory, illustrating the Yin and Yang actions of ginseng.
Supporting Evidence
- AQ extract increased production of nitric oxide, TNF-α, and IL-6.
- ALC extract suppressed LPS-induced macrophage production of NO and TNF-α.
- The immuno-stimulatory effects of AQ extract were inhibited by ALC extract.
Takeaway
North American ginseng can either boost or suppress the immune system depending on the type of extract used, like how yin and yang work together.
Methodology
The study used in vitro experiments on murine macrophages to assess the effects of aqueous and alcoholic extracts of North American ginseng.
Limitations
The study may not account for all variables affecting the immuno-modulatory effects of ginseng extracts.
Participant Demographics
Four-year-old North American ginseng roots from five different farms in Ontario, Canada.
Statistical Information
P-Value
p<0.001
Statistical Significance
p<0.001
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
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