Prevalence and risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus in women with gestational diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2024

Risk Factors for Type 2 Diabetes in Women with Gestational Diabetes

Sample size: 196494 publication 10 minutes Evidence: high

Author Information

Author(s): Chen Kaiqi, Tang Lichao, Wang Xinwei, Li Yunhua, Zhang Xijian, Cui Shikui, Chen Wei, Jin Zhao, Zhu Danping

Primary Institution: Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine

Hypothesis

This study aims to explore the risk factors in the progression of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Conclusion

The study identified several moderate- to high-risk factors associated with the progression of T2DM in individuals with a history of GDM.

Supporting Evidence

The use of progestin-only contraceptives was associated with an odds ratio of 2.12 for developing T2DM.
Recurrence of GDM had an odds ratio of 2.63 for T2DM progression.
Insulin use during pregnancy was linked to an odds ratio of 4.35 for T2DM.
Pre-pregnancy BMI had an odds ratio of 2.97 for T2DM risk.
BMI after delivery had an odds ratio of 4.17 for T2DM.
Hypertension was associated with an odds ratio of 5.19 for T2DM.

Takeaway

Women who had gestational diabetes are more likely to develop type 2 diabetes later, especially if they have certain risk factors like high body weight or insulin use during pregnancy.

Methodology

The study conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of 46 studies, assessing risk factors for T2DM in women with GDM using odds ratios and confidence intervals.