Cognitive Performance in Healthy Ageing
Author Information
Author(s): Paulo Ana Cristina, Sampaio Adriana, Santos Nadine Correia, Costa Patrício Soares, Cunha Pedro, Zihl Joseph, Cerqueira João, Palha Joana Almeida, Sousa Nuno
Primary Institution: Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
Hypothesis
The study aims to identify predictors of healthy cognitive ageing, including socio-demographic factors.
Conclusion
Social inclusion and education have a protective effect on mental ageing, although this effect may not be effective in the oldest elders.
Supporting Evidence
- Four main clusters of cognitive performance were identified based on socio-demographic characteristics.
- Education delays cognitive decline in all clusters.
- Participants in retirement homes performed worse than those living in the community.
- Social engagement was linked to better cognitive performance.
Takeaway
This study found that staying socially active and being educated can help older people think better as they age.
Methodology
A cross-sectional analysis was conducted using a sample of individuals over 55 years old, assessing their cognitive performance through various neuropsychological tests.
Potential Biases
The sample was a convenient one, which may not fully represent the broader population.
Limitations
The study did not explore urban vs. rural settings due to confounding factors and had a small number of male participants.
Participant Demographics
The sample consisted of 74% females and 26% males, with a mean age of 72.16 years; educational levels varied, with many having less than 4 years of formal education.
Statistical Information
P-Value
p<0.001
Confidence Interval
95% CI for odds ratios provided in the results.
Statistical Significance
p<0.001
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
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