Active Surveillance of Q Fever in Cyprus
Author Information
Author(s): Loukaides Fidias, Hadjichristodoulou Christos, Soteriades Elpidoforos, Kolonia Virginia, Ioannidou Maria-Christina, Psaroulaki Anna, Tselentis Yannis
Primary Institution: The Veterinary Services of Cyprus, Ministry of Agriculture
Hypothesis
Is the small number of reported acute clinical cases of Q fever in the local population of Cyprus due to underdiagnosis or underreporting of the disease?
Conclusion
A small number of confirmed clinical cases of Q fever were observed despite the high seroprevalence for C. burnetii in the human and animal population of Cyprus.
Supporting Evidence
- 44.4% of human participants became seropositive for C. burnetii after one year.
- Only 9 human cases were confirmed out of 82 suspected cases during the second phase.
- The incidence rate of Q fever in humans was estimated at 1.2 per 100,000 population per year.
Takeaway
The study found that many people in Cyprus have been exposed to Q fever, but most do not show symptoms, meaning they might not even know they are infected.
Methodology
Serological tests and follow-up of seronegative individuals for one year, with active surveillance conducted in high-risk regions and the entire island.
Potential Biases
Possible bias in reporting suspected cases and reliance on serological tests for confirmation.
Limitations
The study may not capture all cases due to reliance on serological confirmation and potential underreporting.
Participant Demographics
Participants included 81 seronegative humans from two villages, with a mix of adults and children.
Statistical Information
P-Value
p<0.05
Statistical Significance
p<0.05
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
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