Post-Pandemic Seroprevalence of Pandemic Influenza A (H1N1) 2009 Infection (Swine Flu) among Children <18 Years in Germany
2011

Post-Pandemic Seroprevalence of H1N1 Infection in German Children

Sample size: 1420 publication 10 minutes Evidence: high

Author Information

Author(s): Rüdiger von Kries, Susanne Weiss, Gerhard Falkenhorst, Stephan Wirth, Petra Kaiser, Hans-Iko Huppertz, Tobias Tenenbaum, Horst Schroten, Andrea Streng, Johannes Liese, Sonu Shai, Tim Niehues, Hermann Girschick, Ellen Kuscher, Axel Sauerbrey, Jochen Peters, Carl Heinz Wirsing von König, Simon Rückinger, Walter Hampl, Detlef Michel, Thomas Mertens

Primary Institution: Institut für Soziale Pädiatrie und Jugendmedizin, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, München, Germany

Hypothesis

What is the incidence of H1N1 infections among children in Germany during the 2009/2010 season?

Conclusion

The study found high infection rates of H1N1 among older children, with about a quarter of those infected showing no symptoms.

Supporting Evidence

  • 27.1% of unvaccinated children aged 1-4 had detectable antibodies.
  • 53.5% of unvaccinated children aged 5-17 had detectable antibodies.
  • 92% of vaccinated children aged 5-17 had detectable antibodies.
  • Only 47.8% of vaccinated children aged 1-4 had detectable antibodies.
  • 25.5% of children with HI titers reported no history of any infectious disease since June 2009.

Takeaway

The study looked at how many kids in Germany got sick from swine flu and found that older kids got sick more often than younger ones.

Methodology

The study collected serum samples from children aged 1 to 17 years across eight pediatric hospitals in Germany and measured antibody titers using a hemagglutination inhibition test.

Potential Biases

Potential recall bias in reporting infection history by parents.

Limitations

The study may not fully represent the population as it relied on children attending hospitals for care.

Participant Demographics

Children aged 1 to 17 years, with 26.3% aged 1-4 years and 73.7% aged 5-17 years.

Statistical Information

P-Value

<0.0001

Confidence Interval

95% CI: 23.5–31.3 for 1-4 years; 95% CI: 50.9–56.2 for 5-17 years

Statistical Significance

p<0.0001

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

10.1371/journal.pone.0023955

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