Gender Disparities in Medical Residency Programs in Peru
Author Information
Author(s): Medina-Neira Daniel, Caira-Chuquineyra Brenda, Fernandez-Guzman Daniel
Primary Institution: Facultad de Medicina Humana, Universidad Católica de Santa María, Arequipa, Perú
Hypothesis
Are there gender disparities in applications and admissions to medical residency programs in Peru from 2016 to 2023?
Conclusion
The study found persistent gender disparities in medical residency programs in Peru, with female applicants facing lower probabilities of admission.
Supporting Evidence
- 48% of applicants were female, but they had an 18% lower probability of admission.
- Most specialties showed an increasing trend in female applicants, except for a few.
- Female admissions were highest in specialties like Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation.
Takeaway
This study shows that girls applying to medical residency programs in Peru are less likely to get in compared to boys, even though more girls are applying now.
Methodology
A cross-sectional study using Bayesian multilevel linear models and multilevel Poisson regression to analyze application and admission data from 2016 to 2023.
Potential Biases
Potential biases in gender classification and the exclusion of non-binary individuals may affect the generalizability of the findings.
Limitations
Gender was inferred from names, which may not accurately represent all applicants, and the study did not include non-binary individuals.
Participant Demographics
Of the 48,013 applicants, 48% were female and 52% were male, with a majority from Lima.
Statistical Information
P-Value
<0.001
Confidence Interval
0.78–0.85
Statistical Significance
p<0.001
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
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