B Cell Depletion in HIV-1 Subtype A Infected Ugandan Adults: Relationship to CD4 T Cell Count, Viral Load and Humoral Immune Responses
2011

B Cell Depletion in HIV-1 Subtype A Infected Ugandan Adults

Sample size: 50 publication Evidence: moderate

Author Information

Author(s): Oballah Peter, Flach Britta, Eller Leigh A., Eller Michael A., Ouma Benson, de Souza Mark, Kibuuka Hannah N., Wabwire-Mangen Fred, Brown Bruce K., Michael Nelson L., Robb Merlin L., Montefiori David, Polonis Victoria R.

Primary Institution: Makerere University Walter Reed Project, Kampala, Uganda

Hypothesis

To better understand the nature of B cell dysfunctions in subjects infected with HIV-1 subtype A.

Conclusion

The study found significant B cell depletion in HIV-1 subtype A infected Ugandan adults, which does not correlate with a decrease in functional antibodies.

Supporting Evidence

  • B cell absolute counts were significantly lower in HIV-1+ patients compared to community matched negative controls.
  • HIV-1-infected patients displayed variable functional and binding antibody titers.
  • B cell absolute counts correlated inversely with neutralizing antibody titers against subtype A and CRF02_AG viruses.
  • A positive correlation was observed between subtype A gp120 binding antibody titers and neutralization breadth.

Takeaway

People with HIV-1 subtype A have fewer B cells, but that doesn't mean they can't make antibodies to fight the virus.

Methodology

The study analyzed blood samples from 50 treatment-naïve Ugandan patients infected with HIV-1 subtype A and compared their B cell counts and antibody responses to HIV-negative controls.

Limitations

The study only measured CD19+ B cells and did not perform additional phenotypic characterization of specific B cell sub-populations.

Participant Demographics

Participants were aged 15–49 years, treatment-naïve, and from a rural cohort in Uganda.

Statistical Information

P-Value

p<0.0001

Statistical Significance

p<0.0001

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

10.1371/journal.pone.0022653

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