How Well Can Humans Refixate a Target?
Author Information
Author(s): Hooge Ignace T., Hessels Roy S., Niehorster Diederick C., Andersson Richard, Skrok Marta K., Konklewski Robert, Stremplewski Patrycjusz, Nowakowski Maciej, Tamborski Szymon, Szkulmowska Anna, Szkulmowski Maciej, Nyström Marcus
Primary Institution: Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
Hypothesis
The pupil-size artefact and inconsistent fixation may contribute to inaccuracies in eye tracking.
Conclusion
The pupil-size artefact significantly affects gaze accuracy, but humans can accurately refixate visual targets.
Supporting Evidence
- The pupil-size artefact can introduce inaccuracies of up to 0.5° during calibration and validation.
- Correcting for the pupil-size artefact significantly reduces refixation dispersion.
- Humans can achieve high precision in refixating visual targets, as shown by the small Bivariate Contour Ellipse Areas (BCEAs) in Experiment 2.
Takeaway
This study shows that changes in pupil size can make eye tracking less accurate, but people are really good at looking at the same spot again.
Methodology
Two experiments were conducted using different eye trackers to assess the impact of pupil size changes on gaze accuracy.
Potential Biases
Potential bias due to the small sample size and the fact that all participants were authors of the study.
Limitations
The study involved a small number of experienced participants, which may limit the generalizability of the findings.
Participant Demographics
All participants were experienced in eye tracking, with at least 18 years of experience.
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
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