Oral Manifestations of HIV in Patients on HAART in Tanzania
Author Information
Author(s): Hamza Omar JM, Matee Mecky IN, Simon Elison NM, Kikwilu Emil, Moshi Mainen J, Mugusi Ferdinand, Mikx Frans HM, Verweij Paul E, van der Ven André JAM
Primary Institution: Muhimbili University College of Health Sciences
Hypothesis
What is the prevalence and types of HIV-related oral lesions in children and adults on HAART compared to those not on HAART?
Conclusion
Adult patients receiving HAART had a significantly lower prevalence of oral lesions, particularly oral candidiasis and oral hairy leukoplakia, while there was no significant change in occurrence of oral lesions in children receiving HAART.
Supporting Evidence
- 237 HIV-associated oral lesions were observed in 210 (39.5%) patients.
- Oral candidiasis was the most common oral lesion, affecting 125 (23.5%) patients.
- Adult patients on HAART had a significantly lower risk of oral lesions (OR = 0.32).
- Children on HAART did not show a significant reduction in oral lesions.
- Oral lesions were associated with CD4+ cell count < 200 cells/mm3.
Takeaway
This study found that adults on HIV treatment had fewer mouth problems than those not on treatment, but kids didn't show the same improvement.
Methodology
The study was a cross-sectional analysis involving interviews, physical examinations, HIV testing, and CD4+ T cell enumeration of 532 HIV-infected patients.
Limitations
The study relied on patient recall for previous opportunistic diseases, which may affect accuracy.
Participant Demographics
Participants included 532 HIV-infected patients, 51 children (aged 2-17) and 481 adults (aged 18-67), with a majority being female (69%).
Statistical Information
P-Value
p<0.05
Confidence Interval
95% CI = 0.22 – 0.47
Statistical Significance
p<0.05
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
Want to read the original?
Access the complete publication on the publisher's website