Indirect Effects of Municipal Public Health Nurse Workforce on Cancer Standardized Mortality Ratios Mediated by Cancer Screening Rates
2025

Impact of Public Health Nurses on Cancer Mortality Rates in Japan

Sample size: 1730 publication 10 minutes Evidence: moderate

Author Information

Author(s): Kodama Shimpei, Hinokuma Rika

Primary Institution: Kagoshima University

Hypothesis

The number of municipal public health nurses (PHNs) has an indirect effect on cancer standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) through cancer screening rates.

Conclusion

Increasing the number of public health nurses and improving cancer screening rates may effectively reduce cancer mortality rates.

Supporting Evidence

  • An increase in the number of public health nurses was associated with higher cancer screening rates.
  • Higher cancer screening rates were linked to lower cancer mortality rates.
  • The study used a large sample of municipalities to analyze the effects of public health nursing on cancer outcomes.
  • Significant indirect effects were observed through structural equation modeling.

Takeaway

More public health nurses can help people get screened for cancer, which can lower the chances of dying from it.

Methodology

An ecological study using municipalities as the unit of analysis, analyzing government data with linear models and structural equation modeling.

Potential Biases

Potential confounding by prefectural differences in health outcomes.

Limitations

The study only considered healthcare resources as adjustment factors and did not account for other factors like socioeconomic indicators.

Participant Demographics

Participants were municipalities in Japan, with data collected from 1741 municipalities, excluding those affected by the nuclear power plant accident.

Statistical Information

P-Value

<0.001

Statistical Significance

p<0.05

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

10.1111/phn.13451

Want to read the original?

Access the complete publication on the publisher's website

View Original Publication