Evaluating racial and ethnic disparities in antibiotic treatment for pneumonia patients in a major academic health system
2024

Racial Disparities in Antibiotic Treatment for Pneumonia

Sample size: 5820 publication 10 minutes Evidence: moderate

Author Information

Author(s): David Evans MPH, Kingsley Fortin-Leung MD, Vishnu Ravi Kumar MPH, Yanru Ma PhD, Radhika Prakash Asrani MPH, Zanthia Wiley MD, Scott K. Fridkin MD

Primary Institution: Emory University

Hypothesis

Does patients' race affect prescriber antibiotic choice for pneumonia treatment?

Conclusion

Non-Hispanic Black patients were less likely to receive anti-Pseudomonas agents compared to other racial groups, particularly among younger patients.

Supporting Evidence

  • Black patients received anti-Pseudomonas agents for a lower proportion of their inpatient stay.
  • Adjusted odds ratio for non-Hispanic Black patients receiving anti-Pseudomonas agents was 0.45.
  • Disparities in antibiotic choice were mostly limited to younger patients.

Takeaway

The study found that Black patients with pneumonia often received different antibiotics than other patients, which might not be fair.

Methodology

Retrospective cohort analysis of adult inpatients with pneumonia from January 2019 to June 2022.

Potential Biases

Potential biases in antibiotic prescribing based on race and ethnicity.

Limitations

Data on race and ethnicity were based on electronic medical records, which may not be accurate.

Participant Demographics

Patients included were primarily non-Hispanic White (50%) and non-Hispanic Black (42%).

Statistical Information

P-Value

0.45 for non-Hispanic Black patients receiving anti-Pseudomonas agents

Confidence Interval

95% CI 0.29, 0.70 for non-Hispanic Black patients receiving anti-Pseudomonas agents

Statistical Significance

p<0.05

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

10.1017/ash.2024.472

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