Bacterial Disease and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns in HIV-Infected, Hospitalized Children: A Retrospective Cohort Study
2008

Bacterial Infections in HIV-Infected Children

Sample size: 141 publication Evidence: moderate

Author Information

Author(s): Heather B. Jaspan, Lyen C. Huang, Mark F. Cotton, Andrew Whitelaw, Landon Myer, Adam J. Ratner

Primary Institution: University of Cape Town

Hypothesis

What are the bacterial infection patterns and antibiotic resistance in HIV-infected children hospitalized in Cape Town?

Conclusion

Bacterial infections are a significant health issue for HIV-infected children, with pneumonia being the most common, and many infections being caused by antibiotic-resistant organisms.

Supporting Evidence

  • Pneumonia was the most common bacterial infection, affecting 67% of the children.
  • K. pneumoniae isolates were resistant to many antibiotics and were all considered nosocomial.
  • All S. aureus isolates were methicillin-resistant, with some being community-acquired.

Takeaway

Kids with HIV can get really sick from bacteria, especially pneumonia, and some of the germs are hard to treat because they don't respond to regular medicine.

Methodology

A retrospective cohort study of HIV-positive pediatric admissions at a hospital in Cape Town from January 2002 to June 2006.

Limitations

The study is retrospective and may not be generalizable to better-resourced settings; data collection may have been incomplete.

Participant Demographics

{"median_age":1.2,"age_range":"1 month to 9 years","gender_distribution":{"male":76,"female":65},"on_ART":55,"on_TB_medication":39}

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

10.1371/journal.pone.0003260

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