Propagation of Respiratory Aerosols by the Vuvuzela
2011

How Vuvuzelas Spread Aerosols

Sample size: 8 publication Evidence: moderate

Author Information

Author(s): Lai Ka-Man, Bottomley Christian, McNerney Ruth

Primary Institution: University College London

Hypothesis

Vuvuzelas might facilitate the generation and dissemination of respiratory aerosols.

Conclusion

Vuvuzelas can propel large numbers of aerosols that may contribute to the spread of respiratory diseases.

Supporting Evidence

  • The mean peak particle counts were 658,000 per litre for the vuvuzela and 3,700 per litre for shouting.
  • More than 97% of particles were between 0.5 and 5 microns in diameter.
  • The vuvuzela produced a mean peak airflow of 6.1 litres per second.

Takeaway

Blowing a vuvuzela sends a lot of tiny particles into the air, which could make people sick if they are near someone who is infected.

Methodology

Eight healthy volunteers blew a vuvuzela and shouted into a cone while measuring aerosol particle concentration and size.

Potential Biases

The sample size was small and only included healthy individuals, which may not represent the general population.

Limitations

The study only included healthy volunteers, and the method of measuring shouting may not have been ideal.

Participant Demographics

Eight healthy volunteers, 4 male and 4 female, aged 20 to 45.

Statistical Information

P-Value

p<0.001

Confidence Interval

95% CI: 2.03, 2.36

Statistical Significance

p<0.001

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

10.1371/journal.pone.0020086

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