Genetic and Environmental Influences on Infant Growth: Prospective Analysis of the Gemini Twin Birth Cohort
2011

Genetic and Environmental Influences on Infant Growth

Sample size: 2402 publication Evidence: moderate

Author Information

Author(s): Laura Johnson, Clare H. Llewellyn, Cornelia H. M. van Jaarsveld, Tim J. Cole, Jane Wardle

Primary Institution: University College London

Hypothesis

What are the genetic and environmental influences on infant growth trajectories?

Conclusion

Size and velocity of infant growth are primarily influenced by genetics, while the timing of peak growth is mainly determined by environmental factors.

Supporting Evidence

  • Heritability of weight at birth and three months was low (38%), but higher at six months (62%).
  • Growth parameters size and velocity were highly heritable (69% and 57%, respectively).
  • Tempo of growth was predominantly influenced by environmental factors (42% common environmental influence).

Takeaway

This study looked at how babies grow and found that some parts of their growth are influenced by their genes, while others are affected by their surroundings.

Methodology

The study used data from a large twin birth cohort and modeled growth trajectories using the SITAR method.

Potential Biases

The twin method assumes equal sharing of common environmental exposures, which may not always be true.

Limitations

The sample may be biased towards higher socioeconomic status families and twins grow differently from singletons.

Participant Demographics

The study included 2402 families with twins from the UK.

Statistical Information

Statistical Significance

p<0.05

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

10.1371/journal.pone.0019918

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