Human Migration through Bottlenecks from Southeast Asia into East Asia during Last Glacial Maximum Revealed by Y Chromosomes
2011

Genetic Origins of East Asians from Southeast Asia

Sample size: 1652 publication 10 minutes Evidence: high

Author Information

Author(s): Cai Xiaoyun, Qin Zhendong, Wen Bo, Xu Shuhua, Wang Yi, Lu Yan, Wei Lanhai, Wang Chuanchao, Li Shilin, Huang Xingqiu, Jin Li, Li Hui, the Genographic Consortium

Primary Institution: Fudan University, Shanghai, China

Hypothesis

Did early East Asians migrate from Southeast Asia during the Last Glacial Maximum?

Conclusion

The study suggests that the genetic structure of East Asians is significantly influenced by migrations from Southeast Asia.

Supporting Evidence

  • Y chromosome data from 1,652 individuals were analyzed.
  • Haplogroup O3a3b-M7 indicates a strong genetic link between Mon-Khmer and Hmong-Mien populations.
  • The study found evidence of unidirectional migration from Southeast Asia into East Asia.
  • Genetic drift was observed due to bottlenecks during migration.
  • High frequencies of haplogroups O2a-M95, O3a3b-M7, and O3a3c1-M117 were found in the studied populations.
  • Clustering analyses showed close genetic relationships between MK and HM populations.
  • STR networks indicated hierarchical structures supporting the migration hypothesis.
  • Correlation between geographic location and genetic diversity was significant.

Takeaway

Scientists studied DNA from people in Southeast Asia to understand how early humans moved into East Asia. They found that many East Asians have roots in Southeast Asia.

Methodology

Blood samples were collected from 1,652 unrelated male individuals from various populations, and Y chromosome haplogroups were analyzed.

Potential Biases

Potential bias due to the limited geographic scope of the sampled populations.

Limitations

The study primarily focused on Y chromosome data, which may not capture the full genetic diversity of the populations.

Participant Demographics

Participants were unrelated male individuals from 47 Mon-Khmer and Hmong-Mien speaking populations across Southeast Asia and East Asia.

Statistical Information

P-Value

p<0.05

Confidence Interval

95% C.I. 25,442–132,230 YBP

Statistical Significance

p<0.05

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

10.1371/journal.pone.0024282

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