Annual and Seasonal Variability of Trichloromethane in Drinking Water of Kunshan City 2016–2022 and Associated Health Risks
2024

Trichloromethane Levels in Kunshan City Drinking Water (2016–2022)

Sample size: 566 publication Evidence: moderate

Author Information

Author(s): Liang Xiaojun, Qian Guohua, Wang Yihan, Chen Mengyao, Liu Yang, Zhao Ping, Li Junling, Wang Yuan, Liu Yuyan, Motta Oriana

Primary Institution: Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Kunshan

Hypothesis

This study aimed to evaluate the annual pollution characteristics of trichloromethane (TCM) in Kunshan City’s tap water from 2016 to 2022.

Conclusion

The overall carcinogenic risk from multiple exposure pathways was slightly above the ideal level, while the non-carcinogenic risk was within an acceptable range.

Supporting Evidence

  • The study found a 100% compliance rate with the TCM limit (0.06 mg/L).
  • Median annual concentrations ranged from 0.1 to 6.4 μg/L.
  • Significant inter-annual variations were observed with the lowest levels in 2019 and the highest in 2020.
  • Quarterly analysis revealed significant seasonal differences, peaking in the third quarter.
  • TCM concentrations showed significant correlations with annual and quarterly trends, turbidity, and chlorides.

Takeaway

The study found that trichloromethane levels in drinking water are mostly safe, but there are some health risks that need to be monitored.

Methodology

The study analyzed 566 tap water samples using non-parametric tests and Spearman’s correlation analysis.

Limitations

The study's findings may be influenced by variations in sampling periods and sample sizes across different years.

Participant Demographics

Households in Kunshan, China.

Statistical Information

P-Value

p<0.01

Statistical Significance

p<0.01

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

10.3390/toxics12120865

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