Cigarette Smoke Extract Affects NOD2 Expression in Intestinal Cells
Author Information
Author(s): Aldhous Marian C., Soo Kimberley, Stark Lesley A., Ulanicka Agata A., Easterbrook Jennifer E., Dunlop Malcolm G., Satsangi Jack
Primary Institution: University of Edinburgh
Hypothesis
Cigarette smoke extract (CSE) alters NOD2 expression and function in intestinal epithelial cells.
Conclusion
CSE delays TNFα-induced NOD2 mRNA expression and is associated with abnormal NOD2/RIPK2 interaction, reduced NFκB activity, and decreased chemokine production.
Supporting Evidence
- CSE reduced TNFα-induced NOD2 expression in cell lines.
- CSE affected NOD2-RIPK2 interactions and NFκB activity.
- Chemokine production was decreased by CSE in intestinal epithelial cells.
- Similar effects of CSE were observed in cultured ileal biopsies from healthy individuals.
Takeaway
Cigarette smoke can change how our gut cells respond to inflammation, which might make some gut diseases worse.
Methodology
Intestinal epithelial cell lines were stimulated with CSE and nicotine, and NOD2 expression was measured using qRT-PCR and western blotting.
Potential Biases
Potential bias due to the use of specific cell lines and the controlled laboratory environment.
Limitations
The study primarily used cell lines and may not fully represent in vivo conditions.
Participant Demographics
Healthy individuals undergoing routine endoscopy, mean age 48.3 years, with varying smoking statuses.
Statistical Information
P-Value
p=0.0226
Statistical Significance
p<0.05
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
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