Rat-to-Elephant-to-Human Transmission of Cowpox Virus
2008

Transmission of Cowpox Virus from Rats to Elephants to Humans

Sample size: 6 publication Evidence: moderate

Author Information

Author(s): Kurth Andreas, Wibbelt Gudrun, Gerber Hans-Peter, Petschaelis Angelika, Pauli Georg, Nitsche Andreas

Primary Institution: Robert Koch Institute

Hypothesis

Can cowpox virus be transmitted from rats to elephants and then to humans?

Conclusion

The study confirms that cowpox virus can be transmitted from rats to elephants and subsequently to humans.

Supporting Evidence

  • CPXV was isolated from an elephant that exhibited lesions.
  • A human keeper developed lesions after contact with the infected elephant.
  • Rats tested positive for CPXV antibodies, indicating recent infection.
  • The HA ORF sequences showed high homology between the viruses from the elephant and the human keeper.

Takeaway

Rats can spread cowpox virus to elephants, and then elephants can pass it to humans, which is important to know for keeping people safe.

Methodology

The study involved isolating the virus from an infected elephant and a human keeper, and testing rats for antibodies.

Limitations

No data about CPXV prevalence in rats are available, and the exact transmission route from rat to elephant remains unclear.

Participant Demographics

The study involved a 19-year-old healthy, unvaccinated animal keeper and a circus elephant.

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

10.3201/eid1404.070817

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