Chronic Kidney Disease and Metabolic Syndrome's Impact on Heart Events
Author Information
Author(s): Subhashish Agarwal, Michael G. Shlipak, Holly Kramer, Aditya Jain, David M. Herrington
Primary Institution: Wake Forest School of Medicine
Hypothesis
Does the combination of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) increase the risk of cardiovascular events?
Conclusion
The combination of CKD and MetS significantly increases the risk of cardiovascular events.
Supporting Evidence
- 283 participants developed cardiovascular disease during the follow-up period of 5.5 years.
- CKD and MetS were found to be independent predictors of cardiovascular disease.
- The hazard ratio for the CKD+/MetS+ group was 5.56 compared to the CKD−/MetS− group.
Takeaway
Having both kidney problems and metabolic syndrome makes your heart more likely to have issues.
Methodology
The study analyzed data from the Multiethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) cohort, focusing on CKD defined by cystatin C and MetS defined by NCEP criteria, using Cox proportional regression.
Potential Biases
Potential bias due to misclassification of CKD and MetS and failure to adjust for all confounders.
Limitations
The study did not directly measure glomerular filtration rate, which may lead to misclassification, and there may be residual confounding from unmeasured factors.
Participant Demographics
Participants included 38% Caucasian, 28% African-American, 22% Hispanic, and 12% Chinese, aged 45-84.
Statistical Information
P-Value
p<0.0001
Confidence Interval
95% CI 3.72–8.12
Statistical Significance
p<0.0001
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
Want to read the original?
Access the complete publication on the publisher's website