Characterization of H1 Influenza Viruses in US Swine from 2008
Author Information
Author(s): Lorusso Alessio, Vincent Amy L., Harland Michelle L., Alt David, Bayles Darrell O., Swenson Sabrina L., Gramer Marie R., Russell Colin A., Smith Derek J., Lager Kelly M., Lewis Nicola S.
Primary Institution: USDA/ARS/NADC
Hypothesis
What are the genetic and antigenic characteristics of H1 influenza viruses circulating in US swine prior to the 2009 pandemic?
Conclusion
The study found significant genetic diversity among H1 influenza viruses in US swine, with distinct antigenic clusters that show limited cross-reactivity.
Supporting Evidence
- The study characterized 12 H1 isolates from swine using genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis.
- Genetic diversity was most notable in the HA gene among the isolates.
- Serological cross-reactivity showed that different phylogenetic clusters are antigenically divergent.
- The 2009 pandemic H1N1 virus was found to be genetically distinct from the swine lineage viruses.
- Antigenic mapping revealed at least five distinct clusters of H1 viruses co-circulating in US swine.
Takeaway
Scientists studied 12 pig viruses to see how they are different from each other and from the virus that caused the 2009 flu pandemic.
Methodology
The study used 454 genome-sequencing technology and serological cross-reactivity in the haemagglutination inhibition assay.
Limitations
The study only included viruses from 2008 and may not represent current strains.
Participant Demographics
Viruses were isolated from outbreaks of respiratory disease in pigs.
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
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