Health Risks from Fluoride in Drinking Water
Author Information
Author(s): Islam Raisul, Sinha Alok, Hussain Athar, Usama Mohammad, Ali Shahjad, Ahmed Salman, Gani Abdul, Hassan Najmaldin Ezaldin, Mohammadi Ali Akbar, Deshmukh Kamlesh
Primary Institution: GLA University Mathura, India
Hypothesis
What are the health risks associated with fluoride exposure in groundwater in fluoride-endemic areas?
Conclusion
The study found that fluoride concentrations in groundwater in Kasganj, India, exceed safe limits, posing significant health risks, especially for children.
Supporting Evidence
- The average fluoride concentration in Kasganj was found to be 2.30 mg/L, exceeding the permissible limit.
- Children had the highest risk of dental fluorosis with a probability of 94%.
- Monte Carlo simulations indicated high health risks for children due to fluoride exposure.
Takeaway
Fluoride in drinking water can be harmful, especially for kids, and the water in Kasganj has too much fluoride, which can cause health problems.
Methodology
The study used Monte Carlo Simulation and Artificial Neural Network models to assess health risks from fluoride in groundwater.
Potential Biases
Potential biases in sample collection and analysis methods could affect the results.
Limitations
The study may not account for all environmental factors affecting fluoride levels and health risks.
Participant Demographics
The study assessed health risks for children, teenagers, and adults in Kasganj, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Statistical Information
P-Value
0.01
Statistical Significance
p<0.05
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
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