Wild Ducks as Long-Distance Vectors of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus (H5N1)
2008

Wild Ducks as Vectors of Avian Influenza Virus (H5N1)

Sample size: 46 publication 10 minutes Evidence: moderate

Author Information

Author(s): Keawcharoen Juthatip, van Riel Debby, van Amerongen Geert, Bestebroer Theo, Beyer Walter E., van Lavieren Rob, Osterhaus Albert D.M.E., Fouchier Ron A.M., Kuiken Thijs

Primary Institution: Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands

Hypothesis

Can wild waterbirds excrete HPAIV (H5N1) in the absence of debilitating disease and act as long-distance virus vectors?

Conclusion

Some wild duck species, particularly mallards, can potentially be long-distance vectors of HPAIV (H5N1), while others, like tufted ducks, are more likely to act as sentinels.

Supporting Evidence

  • Tufted ducks and pochards excreted significantly more virus than common teals, Eurasian wigeons, and gadwalls.
  • Only tufted ducks and, to a lesser degree, pochards developed severe clinical signs.
  • Mallards showed abundant virus excretion without clinical signs, indicating their potential as long-distance vectors.

Takeaway

Some ducks can spread a dangerous bird flu without getting sick, while others might show signs of illness but still help scientists track the virus.

Methodology

The study experimentally infected 6 species of wild ducks with HPAIV (H5N1) and monitored their virus excretion and clinical signs.

Potential Biases

Potential bias in the selection of duck species and the controlled environment of the experiments.

Limitations

The study was limited to 6 species of ducks and may not represent all wild bird species.

Participant Demographics

The study involved 46 captive-bred wild ducks, aged 8-11 months, from 6 different species.

Statistical Information

P-Value

p<0.001

Statistical Significance

p<0.001

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

10.3201/eid1404.071016

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