Analytical Investigations of Toxic p-Phenylenediamine (PPD) Levels in Clinical Urine Samples with Special Focus on MALDI-MS/MS
2011

Analyzing Toxic Levels of p-Phenylenediamine in Urine Samples

Sample size: 15 publication 10 minutes Evidence: high

Author Information

Author(s): Gero P. Hooff, Nick A. van Huizen, Roland J. W. Meesters, Eduard E. Zijlstra, Mohamed Abdelraheem, Waleed Abdelraheem, Mohamed Hamdouk, Jan Lindemans, Theo M. Luider

Primary Institution: University Medical Center Rotterdam (ErasmusMC), Rotterdam, The Netherlands

Hypothesis

Can a new analytical method accurately measure p-phenylenediamine (PPD) levels in urine samples from intoxicated patients?

Conclusion

The study successfully developed a rapid and sensitive method for detecting PPD and its metabolites in urine, aiding in the diagnosis of PPD intoxication.

Supporting Evidence

  • The study identified PPD concentrations in urine samples from patients with acute intoxication.
  • MALDI-MS/MS provided rapid and accurate measurements of PPD and its metabolites.
  • The developed methods can facilitate on-site diagnosis in emergency settings.
  • The study highlights the need for quick diagnostic tools in cases of chemical intoxication.
  • Results showed a correlation between PPD and its metabolites in urine samples.
  • The methods developed are sensitive enough to detect low concentrations of PPD.
  • The study provides a foundation for future research on PPD treatment and metabolism.
  • The findings may help in developing targeted treatments for PPD intoxication.

Takeaway

Researchers created a quick test to check for a harmful chemical in urine, helping doctors treat patients who accidentally used too much hair dye.

Methodology

The study used MALDI-MS/MS and HPLC-UV methods to analyze urine samples for PPD and its metabolites.

Potential Biases

Potential biases may arise from the sample collection process and the specific demographics of the participants.

Limitations

The study's findings may not be generalizable beyond the specific population and conditions tested.

Participant Demographics

Participants were aged 11 to 41 years, with a mean age of 25.2 years; 13 were female and 2 were male.

Statistical Information

P-Value

0.001

Statistical Significance

p=0.001

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

10.1371/journal.pone.0022191

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