Spread of Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis in KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa
2011

Spread of Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

Sample size: 20858 publication Evidence: high

Author Information

Author(s): Moodley Prashini, Shah N. Sarita, Tayob Nabihah, Connolly Cathy, Zetola Nicola, Gandhi Neel, Friedland Gerald, Sturm A. Willem

Primary Institution: KwaZulu-Natal Research Institute for Tuberculosis and HIV (K-RITH), Durban, South Africa

Hypothesis

XDR tuberculosis is present throughout KwaZulu-Natal Province.

Conclusion

XDR-TB is present throughout KZN, with more than 65% of diagnosed MDR-TB cases left untreated.

Supporting Evidence

  • 20% of patients had MDR-TB cases.
  • 11% of MDR-TB cases displayed the XDR susceptibility profile.
  • The proportion of XDR-TB was highest in the Msinga sub-district at 19.6%.
  • The number of hospitals with at least one XDR-TB case increased from 18 to 58 during the study.

Takeaway

This study found that many people with a serious type of tuberculosis weren't getting the help they needed, which could make the disease spread more.

Methodology

A cross-sectional study analyzing the KZN tuberculosis laboratory database from January 2006 to June 2007.

Potential Biases

Potential underestimation of MDR and XDR cases due to reliance on culture-confirmed cases.

Limitations

Data on clinical symptoms, treatment outcomes, and HIV status were not available.

Participant Demographics

Patients included were from KwaZulu-Natal Province, with a significant number being HIV-infected.

Statistical Information

P-Value

<0.0001

Confidence Interval

95% CI 0.21–0.51

Statistical Significance

p<0.0001

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

10.1371/journal.pone.0017513

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