S100A4 as a Marker for Breast Cancer Progression
Author Information
Author(s): Ismail Nawfal I, Kaur Gurjeet, Hashim Hasnah, Hassan Mohammed S
Primary Institution: Advanced Medical and Dental Institute (AMDI), Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Penang, Malaysia
Hypothesis
The study aims to determine the expression of S100A4 protein in the invasion status and metastatic potential of breast cancer.
Conclusion
S100A4 protein expression is widely observed in early and advanced breast cancer stages compared to normal breast tissue, suggesting it may serve as an independent marker for breast cancer progression.
Supporting Evidence
- S100A4 was absent in normal breast tissues.
- Positive expression of S100A4 was observed in 45.1% of infiltrating ductal carcinoma node negative cases.
- S100A4 was expressed in 35.1% of matched lymph node metastasis.
Takeaway
This study found that a protein called S100A4 is found more in breast cancer tissues than in normal tissues, which might help doctors understand how the cancer is spreading.
Methodology
S100A4 protein expression was examined using immunohistochemistry on tissue microarrays from 216 patients.
Limitations
The study did not evaluate infiltrating lobular carcinoma node positive due to low sample size.
Participant Demographics
Patients included those with infiltrating ductal carcinoma, infiltrating lobular carcinoma, and normal breast tissue.
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
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