Cross-Reactivity of Anthrax and C2 Toxin: Protective Antigen Promotes the Uptake of Botulinum C2I Toxin into Human Endothelial Cells
2011

Anthrax and C2 Toxin Interaction Study

publication 10 minutes Evidence: moderate

Author Information

Author(s): Kronhardt Angelika, Rolando Monica, Beitzinger Christoph, Stefani Caroline, Leuber Michael, Flatau Gilles, Popoff Michel R., Benz Roland, Lemichez Emmanuel

Primary Institution: Rudolf-Virchow-Center, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany

Hypothesis

Can the binding components of anthrax and C2 toxins functionally substitute for each other to intoxicate cells?

Conclusion

The study reveals that protective antigen (PA) from anthrax can promote the uptake of botulinum C2I toxin into human endothelial cells.

Supporting Evidence

  • PA63 binds C2I and facilitates its entry into cells.
  • C2II does not effectively promote cell intoxication by EF and LF.
  • Translocation of C2I via PA is less efficient compared to its native combination with C2II.

Takeaway

This study shows that a part of the anthrax toxin can help another toxin get into cells, which is surprising because they are different types of toxins.

Methodology

In vitro and in vivo experiments were conducted to study the binding and translocation of the toxins using human umbilical vein endothelial cells.

Limitations

The study primarily focuses on in vitro results, which may not fully represent in vivo conditions.

Participant Demographics

Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were used in the experiments.

Statistical Information

P-Value

p<0.05

Statistical Significance

p<0.05

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

10.1371/journal.pone.0023133

Want to read the original?

Access the complete publication on the publisher's website

View Original Publication