Vitamin K supplementation in postmenopausal women with osteopenia (ECKO Trial): A randomized controlled trial
2008

Vitamin K Supplementation in Postmenopausal Women with Osteopenia

Sample size: 440 publication 10 minutes Evidence: moderate

Author Information

Author(s): Angela Cheung, Lianne Tile, Yuna Lee, George Tomlinson, Gillian Hawker, Judy Scher, Hanxian Hu, Reinhold Vieth, Lilian Thompson, Sophie Jamal, Robert Josse

Primary Institution: University of Toronto

Hypothesis

Vitamin K1 supplementation would reduce bone loss in postmenopausal women with osteopenia.

Conclusion

Daily 5 mg of vitamin K1 supplementation does not protect against age-related decline in bone mineral density, but may protect against fractures and cancers in postmenopausal women with osteopenia.

Supporting Evidence

  • Vitamin K1 supplementation increased serum vitamin K1 levels by 10-fold.
  • Fewer women in the vitamin K group had clinical fractures (nine versus 20).
  • Fewer women in the vitamin K group had cancers (three versus 12).
  • Vitamin K supplements were well-tolerated over the 4-y period.

Takeaway

This study looked at whether taking vitamin K could help women after menopause keep their bones strong. It found that while vitamin K didn't help bones get denser, it might help prevent broken bones and some cancers.

Methodology

A 2-y randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial with 440 postmenopausal women with osteopenia receiving either 5 mg of vitamin K1 or placebo daily.

Potential Biases

Potential bias due to the small number of fractures and cancers observed.

Limitations

The study was not powered to examine fracture outcomes, and the number of cancers observed was small.

Participant Demographics

Mean age of participants was 59 years, with 88% being European Canadian.

Statistical Information

P-Value

p = 0.04 for fractures, p = 0.02 for cancers

Confidence Interval

95% CI −0.67% to 0.54% for BMD at lumbar spine

Statistical Significance

p<0.05

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

10.1371/journal.pmed.0050196

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