Evaluation of Diagnostic Accuracy, Feasibility and Client Preference for Rapid Oral Fluid-Based Diagnosis of HIV Infection in Rural India
2007

Evaluating Rapid Oral HIV Tests in Rural India

Sample size: 450 publication Evidence: high

Author Information

Author(s): Pant Pai Nitika, Joshi Rajnish, Dogra Sandeep, Taksande Bharati, Kalantri S.P., Pai Madhukar, Narang Pratibha, Tulsky Jacqueline P., Reingold Arthur L.

Primary Institution: Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Sevagram, Maharashtra, India

Hypothesis

Can oral fluid-based rapid HIV tests improve diagnosis and client preference in rural India?

Conclusion

The OraQuick® Rapid-HIV1/2 test was found to be highly accurate and preferred by participants in a rural Indian hospital setting.

Supporting Evidence

  • The OraQuick test on oral fluid specimens had a sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 100%.
  • 87% of participants preferred the oral fluid test for first-time testing.
  • The study found a seropositivity rate of 32% among participants.

Takeaway

This study shows that a quick and easy saliva test for HIV is very accurate and many people prefer it over blood tests.

Methodology

A cross-sectional, hospital-based study was conducted with 450 participants using both oral fluid and finger stick tests, compared to a reference standard.

Limitations

The study was conducted in a select clinic population and may not represent the general rural population.

Participant Demographics

Median age was 34 years, 74% were men, and most were rural laborers and farmers.

Statistical Information

Confidence Interval

95% CI 28%, 37%

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

10.1371/journal.pone.0000367

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