Between-group competition and human cooperation
2008

Group Competition and Human Cooperation

Sample size: 192 publication Evidence: high

Author Information

Author(s): Puurtinen Mikael, Mappes Tapio

Primary Institution: University of Jyväskylä

Hypothesis

Does competition between groups increase cooperation within those groups?

Conclusion

Competition between groups significantly increases within-group cooperation and overall productivity.

Supporting Evidence

  • Cooperation levels were higher in the group competition treatment than in the public goods treatment.
  • Overall productivity was greater in the presence of group competition.
  • Feelings of anger towards free riders were significantly higher in the group competition treatment.
  • Feelings of guilt from uncooperative actions were also higher in the group competition treatment.

Takeaway

When groups compete against each other, people work together better within their own group.

Methodology

The study involved 192 students playing a decision-making game under two conditions: public goods and public goods with group competition.

Potential Biases

The anonymity of subjects and restructuring of groups every round may have influenced emotional responses.

Limitations

The experiment was limited to zero-sum competitive interactions and did not account for scenarios where both groups could benefit.

Participant Demographics

192 students from various faculties at the University of Jyväskylä.

Statistical Information

P-Value

p<0.001

Statistical Significance

p<0.001

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

10.1098/rspb.2008.1060

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