Changes in vaginal gene expression and anogenital distance during gilt reproductive development
Author Information
Author(s): Dierking Shannon L., Morton Jodi M., Clapper Jeffrey A., Gonda Michael G., Pinilla Juan C., Levesque C. L.
Primary Institution: South Dakota State University
Hypothesis
The vaginal genome during pubertal development has potential as biomarkers of early estrus in the pre-pubertal period.
Conclusion
Distinct changes in gene expression within the vaginal epithelium are associated with progression towards first standing estrus.
Supporting Evidence
- Anogenital distance was positively correlated to the first estrus.
- Expression of IGF-1 and TAC-3 were up-regulated 9- and 7-fold, respectively at d160.
- Four gilts exhibited estrus early, while others were average, late, or anestrus.
Takeaway
This study looks at how the distance between a pig's anus and vulva and changes in vaginal genes can help predict when they will go into heat for the first time.
Methodology
Pre-pubertal gilts were followed from approximately 74 days of age until first estrus, with measurements taken at five timepoints and gene expression analyzed using real-time RT-PCR.
Potential Biases
Potential biases may arise from the subjective nature of physical measurements and the limited number of timepoints for gene expression detection.
Limitations
The study's findings may be limited by the small sample size and the potential subjectivity in measuring physical characteristics.
Participant Demographics
Pre-pubertal gilts (PIC 1050; 34 ± 8 kg; d74 ± 3 days of age).
Statistical Information
P-Value
P < 0.05 for IGF-1 and TAC-3 expression at d160.
Statistical Significance
p<0.05
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
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