PD-L1 expression in high-risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer is not a biomarker of response to BCG
2025

PD-L1 Expression and BCG Treatment in Bladder Cancer

Sample size: 509 publication 10 minutes Evidence: moderate

Author Information

Author(s): de Jong Florus C., Kvikstad Vebjørn, Hoedemaeker Robert F., van der Made Angelique C. J., van der Bosch Thierry P., van Casteren Niels J., van Kessel Kim E. M., Zwarthoff Ellen C., Boormans Joost L., Zuiverloon Tahlita C. M.

Primary Institution: Erasmus University Medical Center

Hypothesis

PD-L1 protein expression could serve as a biomarker for BCG-failure in high-risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer.

Conclusion

PD-L1 expression in high-risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer is not a biomarker of response to BCG, although it is higher in tumors that failed BCG treatment.

Supporting Evidence

  • PD-L1 was expressed in only 7% of BCG-naïve tumors.
  • PD-L1 expression was not associated with treatment failure after adequate BCG.
  • High PD-L1 expression was more frequent in tumor recurrences compared to BCG-naïve tumors.

Takeaway

This study looked at whether a protein called PD-L1 could help predict if bladder cancer treatment would work. It found that PD-L1 doesn't help with this prediction.

Methodology

Patients with high-risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer who received at least 5 BCG treatments were included, and PD-L1 expression was evaluated using immunohistochemistry.

Potential Biases

Potential bias due to the retrospective nature of the study and the use of a single antibody.

Limitations

The study only used one type of antibody for PD-L1 assessment, which may limit the generalizability of the findings.

Participant Demographics

Patients included were those with high-risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer, treated at four hospitals in the Netherlands and Norway.

Statistical Information

P-Value

p=0.782

Statistical Significance

p<0.05

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

10.1007/s00345-024-05392-5

Want to read the original?

Access the complete publication on the publisher's website

View Original Publication