Impact analysis of infant antibiotic exposure on the burden of asthma: a simulation modeling study
2024

Impact of Infant Antibiotic Use on Asthma Burden

Sample size: 773160 publication 10 minutes Evidence: moderate

Author Information

Author(s): Lee Tae Yoon, Petkau John, Saatchi Ariana, Marra Fawziah, Turvey Stuart E., Lishman Hannah, Patrick David M., Cragg Jacquelyn J., Johnson Kate M., Sadatsafavi Mohsen

Primary Institution: University of British Columbia

Hypothesis

What would the burden of asthma have been, had infant antibiotic exposure been different than observed?

Conclusion

The decline in infant antibiotic exposure has resulted in a substantial reduction in the burden of asthma in British Columbia.

Supporting Evidence

  • 773,160 live births were recorded during the study period.
  • The average antibiotic prescription rate was 523 per 1,000 infants.
  • Antibiotic prescriptions decreased by 71.5% from 2001 to 2018.
  • 1,982,861 person-years with asthma were recorded under the observed trends.
  • Had antibiotic exposure remained at 2001 levels, there would have been an additional 37,213 person-years with asthma.

Takeaway

Using fewer antibiotics for babies can help reduce asthma cases in children.

Methodology

Bayesian meta-analysis and simulation modeling were used to analyze the impact of infant antibiotic exposure on asthma outcomes.

Potential Biases

Potential confounding by indication or reverse causation due to respiratory infections.

Limitations

The study relies on existing data and assumptions about the dose-response relationship, which may not fully account for confounding factors.

Participant Demographics

Infants born in British Columbia, Canada, from 2001 to 2018.

Statistical Information

Confidence Interval

95% CI: 1.03–1.07

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

10.3389/falgy.2024.1491985

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