Myocarditis in Children: Global Trends from 1990 to 2021
Author Information
Author(s): Zhang Yi-Dong, Chen Nuo, Wang Qiao-Yu, Li Hao, Zhang Song-Yue, Xia Tian-He, He Yue-E, Rong Xing, Wu Ting-Ting, Wu Rong-Zhou
Primary Institution: Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
Hypothesis
This study aims to investigate the trends in incidence, mortality, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and corresponding estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) of myocarditis in children aged 0–14 years from 1990 to 2021.
Conclusion
Between 1990 and 2021, myocarditis in children saw declining mortality and DALYs but rising incidence, especially in males.
Supporting Evidence
- In 2021, a total of 155.45/1000 people cases of myocarditis were reported globally in children.
- The cases of myocarditis in children increased from 143.80/1000 people in 1990 to 155.45/1000 people in 2021.
- Over 30 years, the global incidence rate decreased from 8.27 to 7.73 per 100,000 population.
- The myocarditis-associated mortality rate decreased from 0.36 to 0.13 per 100,000 population.
- High SDI regions reported higher incidence but lower mortality rates.
Takeaway
Myocarditis is a heart condition that affects children, and while fewer kids are dying from it now, more are getting diagnosed with it, especially boys.
Methodology
The study utilized the 2021 Global Burden of Disease dataset to analyze incidence, mortality, and DALYs of myocarditis in children aged 0–14 years across 204 countries.
Potential Biases
Potential underdiagnosis in low-income regions may skew incidence rates.
Limitations
The study relies on registry data, which may not capture all cases of myocarditis, especially in regions with limited healthcare access.
Participant Demographics
Children aged 0–14 years, with a focus on differences by age and sex.
Statistical Information
Confidence Interval
95% UI
Statistical Significance
p<0.05
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
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