Sex Differences in Outcomes After Heart Surgery
Author Information
Author(s): Wester Mara-Louise, Olsthoorn Jules R., Soliman-Hamad Mohamed A., Houterman Saskia, Roefs Maaike M., ter Woorst Joost F. J.
Primary Institution: Catharina Hospital, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
Hypothesis
This study assessed sex differences in early and mid-term outcomes after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and factors associated with these differences.
Conclusion
Women undergoing CABG had worse early and mid-term outcomes compared to men, particularly those under 70 years of age.
Supporting Evidence
- Women had a higher 30-day mortality rate (1.9% vs 1.0%) compared to men.
- Female patients were less likely to receive ≥2 arterial grafts (15.9% vs 23.2%).
- Women aged <70 years had a lower mid-term survival rate than men in the same age group (94.5% vs 96.0%).
- Perioperative complications were more common in female patients.
Takeaway
This study found that women have more complications and worse outcomes than men after heart surgery, especially if they are younger than 70.
Methodology
Data from the Netherlands Heart Registration database for patients undergoing CABG between 2013 and 2019 were analyzed, focusing on early mortality, morbidity, and mid-term survival.
Potential Biases
Potential biases due to the retrospective nature of the study and missing data on certain variables.
Limitations
The study is retrospective, and some variables had missing data; the registry does not include the cause of death.
Participant Demographics
The study included 51,753 patients, with 80.6% male and 19.4% female, mean age 66.4 years.
Statistical Information
P-Value
p<0.001
Confidence Interval
1.03 (0.95–1.12)
Statistical Significance
p<0.001
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
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