The Environment as an Unrecognized Reservoir for Community-Associated Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus USA300: A Case-Control Study
2011

Household Environments as a Reservoir for CA-MRSA

Sample size: 190 publication 10 minutes Evidence: moderate

Author Information

Author(s): Uhlemann Anne-Catrin, Knox Justin, Miller Maureen, Hafer Cory, Vasquez Glenny, Ryan Megan, Vavagiakis Peter, Shi Qiuhu, Lowy Franklin D.

Primary Institution: Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America

Hypothesis

What are the socio-demographic risk factors and infectious reservoirs associated with CA-MRSA infections in households?

Conclusion

Environmental contamination with S. aureus, particularly MRSA, is more frequent in households of patients with CA-MRSA infections, suggesting it may be a reservoir for recolonization and increased infection risk.

Supporting Evidence

  • 56% of case households were contaminated with S. aureus compared to 38% of control households.
  • 32% of case households had MRSA on surfaces, while only 5% of control households did.
  • 21% of case patients were nasally colonized with MRSA compared to 2% of controls.

Takeaway

This study found that homes of people with certain infections had more germs that can cause sickness, showing that cleaning these homes might help stop the spread of these germs.

Methodology

A case-control study was conducted with 95 patients with CA-MRSA infections and 95 age-matched controls, involving questionnaires, nasal swabs, and environmental surface swabs.

Potential Biases

Potential bias due to self-reported data and the retrospective nature of the study.

Limitations

The study is retrospective and conducted in a single community, which may limit generalizability.

Participant Demographics

Participants included a diverse population with a median age of 30, predominantly Hispanic, and included both genders.

Statistical Information

P-Value

p<0.001

Confidence Interval

95% CI

Statistical Significance

p<0.05

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

10.1371/journal.pone.0022407

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