Antimicrobial Use and Resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae
Author Information
Author(s): Daniel J. Diekema, Angela B. Brueggemann, Gary V. Doern
Primary Institution: University of Iowa College of Medicine
Hypothesis
The study investigates the relationship between antimicrobial-drug use and the susceptibility of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates.
Conclusion
The study found an association between increased outpatient use of beta-lactam antibiotics and decreased penicillin susceptibility in Streptococcus pneumoniae.
Supporting Evidence
- Penicillin nonsusceptibility increased from 22.2% to 31.1% between 1994-95 and 1997-98.
- Higher beta-lactam use was associated with increased penicillin resistance.
- Macrolide use was associated with decreased penicillin resistance.
Takeaway
When more people use certain antibiotics, like beta-lactams, the germs can become stronger and harder to fight.
Methodology
The study involved multicenter national surveillance of S. pneumoniae isolates and analyzed outpatient antimicrobial-drug use data from surrounding areas.
Potential Biases
The data on antimicrobial use were based on total prescriptions, which may not reflect actual usage patterns.
Limitations
The study design was retrospective, and the data may not accurately reflect individual patient use or resistance prevalence.
Participant Demographics
Isolates were collected from nonhospitalized patients at 24 medical centers in the United States.
Statistical Information
P-Value
0.008
Statistical Significance
p<0.05
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